sendmail - Java's System.getRuntime().exec not behaving as if the shell user called it -

i running java application console on hp-ux machine. in it, generate reports, zip them, , email them. working, except email.

i using mail binary send mail command line. since it's hp-ux, it's bit different standard gnu sendmail.

this code i'm using send mail:

    public static void emailreports(string[] recipients, string reportarchive, string subject){         simpledateformat dateformat = new simpledateformat("mm-dd-yyyy");         string today = dateformat.format(new date());          file tempemailfile;         bufferedwriter emailwriter;         try {             tempemailfile = file.createtempfile("report_email_" + today, "msg");             emailwriter = new bufferedwriter(new filewriter(tempemailfile));         } catch (ioexception e) {             e.printstacktrace();             system.out.println("failed send email. not create temporary file.");             return;         }          try {             emailwriter.write("subject: " + subject + "\n");             emailwriter.write("from: " + + "\n");             emailwriter.write(body + "\n");              emailwriter.close();         } catch (ioexception e) {             e.printstacktrace();             system.out.println("failed send email. not write temporary file.");         }          //read archive in         try {             fileinputstream archiveis = new fileinputstream(new file(reportarchive));             outputstream archiveencoder = mimeutility.encode(new fileoutputstream(tempemailfile, true), "uuencode", zipper.getarchivename(reportarchive));              //read archive             byte[] buffer = new byte[archiveis.available()];    //these should never more megabyte or two, storing in memory no big deal.             archiveis.read(buffer);              //encode archive             archiveencoder.write(buffer);              //close both             archiveis.close();             archiveencoder.close();          } catch (filenotfoundexception e) {             system.out.println("failed send email. not find archive email.");             e.printstacktrace();         } catch (messagingexception e) {             system.out.println("failed send email. not encode archive.");             e.printstacktrace();         } catch (ioexception e) {             e.printstacktrace();             system.out.println("failed send email. not encode archive.");         }         system.out.println("sending '" + subject + "' email.");               try {             process p = runtime.getruntime().exec("mail me@example.com < " + tempemailfile.getabsolutepath());             system.out.println("mail me@example.com < " + tempemailfile.getabsolutepath());              stringbuffer buffer = new stringbuffer();             while(p.geterrorstream().available() > 0){                 buffer.append((char) p.geterrorstream().read());             }              system.out.println("stderr: " + buffer.tostring());              buffer = new stringbuffer();             while(p.getinputstream().available() > 0){                 buffer.append((char) p.getinputstream().read());             }              system.out.println("stdout: " + buffer.tostring());         } catch (ioexception e) {             e.printstacktrace();             system.out.println("failed send email. not access shell.");         }     } 

when run program, , sends email, blank email, no subject, no body, no attachment, , it's user@hostname hp-ux box instead of email specified in from.

however, when run same line runs (see command printed out after call exec), correct email, correct user, subject, body, , attachment.

stdout , stderr both empty. it's if i'm sending mail blank file, when print file before call exec, it's there.

what's going on here?

edit: attempts made:

using ksh:

    try {         string cmd = "mail me@example.com.com < " + tempemailfile.getabsolutepath();                     runtime.getruntime().exec(new string[] {"/usr/bin/ksh", cmd});      } catch (ioexception e) {         e.printstacktrace();         system.out.println("failed send email. not access shell.");     } 

using stdin:

    try {         system.out.println("mail me@example.com < " + tempemailfile.getabsolutepath());          process p = runtime.getruntime().exec("mail me@example.com ");          fileinputstream infile = new fileinputstream(tempemailfile);         byte[] bytebuffer = new byte[infile.available()];         infile.read(bytebuffer);         p.getoutputstream().write(bytebuffer);          infile.close();         p.getoutputstream().close();          stringbuffer buffer = new stringbuffer();         while(p.geterrorstream().available() > 0){             buffer.append((char) p.geterrorstream().read());         }          system.out.println("stderr: " + buffer.tostring());          buffer = new stringbuffer();         while(p.getinputstream().available() > 0){             buffer.append((char) p.getinputstream().read());         }          system.out.println("stdout: " + buffer.tostring());     } catch (ioexception e) {         e.printstacktrace();         system.out.println("failed send email. not access shell.");     } 

i suspect problem redirection. that's handled shell - , there's no shell here.

either need execute process , process's standard input stream , write java, or (probably simpler) run /bin/sh (or whatever) shell redirection.